Genetic and Hormonal Factors in Alopecia Areata

Genetic and Hormonal Factors in Alopecia Areata

Imagine one day you notice your hair starting to fall out in round patches. At first, you think it’s temporary, but over time, the bald spots become more noticeable. You wonder: Is it genetic? Is it caused by hormones? Is there anything you can do to prevent it? The answer is not simple, but here we explain everything you need to know about alopecia areata.

What genetic condition causes alopecia areata?
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease with a strong hereditary component. Although its exact cause is not fully defined, studies have identified several genes associated with the development of this condition. It is believed that certain genetic factors predispose the immune system to mistakenly attack hair follicles, causing localized hair loss.

The role of genes in alopecia areata
Studies have found an association between alopecia areata and genes related to the immune system, such as the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and the HLA gene. These genes play a key role in immune system regulation and may influence a person’s susceptibility to developing alopecia areata.

• The MHC is a group of genes that regulate the body’s immune response.
• HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, and HLA-DP genes, which are part of the class II MHC, have been identified in people with alopecia areata.

These genes regulate how the immune system responds to body tissues, and certain variations may predispose an individual to mistakenly attack hair follicles.

Genetic basis but limited genetic inheritance
Most cases occur without a direct family history. It is estimated that between 10% and 20% of people with alopecia areata have a family history of the disease. However, the majority of cases occur in individuals with no known family history.

What hormone influences alopecia areata?
Unlike androgenic alopecia, which is closely related to the hormone dihydrotestosterone (DHT), alopecia areata is not directly caused by sex hormones. However, some hormones may influence its onset and progression:

• Cortisol: Chronic stress increases cortisol levels in the body, which can trigger or worsen alopecia areata.
• Thyroid hormones: Hormonal imbalances, such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, have been linked to a higher incidence of alopecia areata.
• Prolactin: Some studies suggest that elevated prolactin levels may be associated with autoimmune-related hair loss.

Factors influencing alopecia areata
In addition to genetic and hormonal factors, other elements can contribute to the development of alopecia areata:

• Emotional stress: One of the most common triggers.
• Nutritional deficiencies: A lack of iron, zinc, biotin, and B-complex vitamins can weaken hair.
• Chronic inflammation: The presence of autoimmune diseases, such as lupus or psoriasis, may be linked to alopecia areata.

Personalized Treatments with Medicinal Plants
Each case of alopecia areata is unique, so an effective treatment must be personalized. Herbal-based treatments have proven to be a natural alternative to help regulate the immune response and stimulate hair growth. Some of the most commonly used plants include:

• Turmeric: Has anti-inflammatory properties and helps regulate the immune system.
• Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra): Known for its immunomodulatory effect and ability to reduce scalp inflammation.
• Aloe vera: Promotes scalp regeneration and has soothing properties.
• Rosemary: Improves blood circulation in the scalp and stimulates hair growth.

Conclusion
Alopecia areata is not just a cosmetic condition but a disease with an immunological, genetic, and hormonal basis that influences its development. However, understanding its causes allows us to take timely action and choose personalized treatments to reduce its impact.

If you’re looking for a natural and effective solution for alopecia areata, our specialists at HairWise can help. We offer customized treatments tailored to each patient using medicinal plants designed specifically for your needs.

Contact us today:
📧 hello@wearehairwise.com
📞 3057998276
🌐 https://wearehairwise.com/
🏢 245 SE 1st Street, Suite 201, Miami FL 33131